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125
IBRACON Structures and Materials Journal • 2013 • vol. 6 • nº 1
R. G. M. de Andrade | L. M. Trautwein | T. N. Bittencourt
Table 1 – Properties and equations for concrete cracking simulation
Secant modulus of elasticity
Characteristic strength
Intermediate parameter
Intermediate parameter
Minimum tensile strength
Intermediate parameter
Maximum tensile strength
Intermediate parameter
Intermediate parameter
Mean tensile strength
Mean compressive strength
Intermediate parameter
Energy of fracture
E
cs
=0.85×5600× f
ck
[MPa]
f
ck
[MPa]
f
ck0
[MPa]
f
[MPa]
f
ctk,min
=f
ctk0,min
(
f
ck
f
ck0
)
2 3/
[MPa]
f
ctk,m
=f
ctk0,m
(
f
ck
f
ck0
)
2 3/
[MPa]
f
ctk,max
=f
ctk0,max
(
f
ck
f
ck0
)
2 3/
[MPa]
f
ctk,max
= [MPa]
f
ctk,m
= [MPa]
f
ctk0,min
[MPa]
f
cm
=f
ck
+
f
[MPa]
f
cm0
=[MPa]
G
F
=G
F0
(
f
cm
f
cm0
)
0.7
[Nmm mm
2
/ ]
Table 2 – Bearing support stiffnesses (Model 1 to 4)
Outer collumns
Intermediate columns
Center columns
Translation
(kN/m)
Translation
(kN/m)
Translation
(kN/m)
Axial
(Z direction)
6
8.25 x 10
Axial
(Z direction)
7
1.15 x 10
Axial
(Z direction)
7
1.45 x 10
Shear
(X direction)
3
3.20 x 10
Shear
(X direction)
3
4.90 x 10
Shear
(X direction)
3
5.30 x 10
Shear
(Y direction)
3
3.20 x 10
Shear
(Y direction)
3
4.90 x 10
Shear
(Y direction)
3
5.30 x 10
Rotation
(kN.m/rad)
Rotation
(kN.m/rad)
Rotation
(kN.m/rad)
Bending in Y
4
2.25 x 10
Bending in Y
4
5.40 x 10
Bending in Y
4
8.05 x 10
Bending in X
7
2.40 x 10
Bending in X
7
3.30 x 10
Bending in X
7
4.15 x 10
Torsion in Z
3
9.25 x 10
Torsion in Z
4
1.45 x 10
Torsion in Z
4
1.55 x 10